〔2024〕NO.1537

In order to fully implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the second and third plenary sessions of the 20th Central Committee, thoroughly implement the major decision - making and deployment of the Central Committee and the State Council on carbon peak and carbon neutrality, promote the construction of a green, low - carbon and circular economic system, and promote the formation of green and low - carbon production and lifestyle, the following opinions on vigorously implementing the renewable energy substitution action are formulated.

I. Overall Requirements

Vigorously implement renewable energy substitution, guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, implement the new energy security strategy of "four revolutions and one cooperation", adhere to overall planning and safe substitution, correctly handle the relationship between "breaking" and "establishing" traditional energy and new energy, promote the integration of source, grid, load and storage, and comprehensively improve the safe and reliable supply capacity of renewable energy; coordinate supply and demand and carry out orderly substitution, coordinate the supply of renewable energy and the consumption of green energy in key areas, accelerate incremental substitution, steadily expand stock substitution, and steadily promote the orderly substitution of traditional fossil energy by renewable energy; promote coordinated integration and diverse substitution, jointly promote the integration and substitution of renewable energy in industries such as industry, transportation, construction, and agriculture and rural areas, and promote the diversified development and substitution of power generation, heating, gas production, and hydrogen production in an economic and efficient manner; be led by science and technology and carry out innovative substitution, vigorously promote the research, development and pilot application of new technologies, innovate the institutional mechanism, and accelerate the cultivation of new scenarios, models and formats for renewable energy substitution. Positive progress will be made in the substitution of renewable energy in key areas during the "14th Five - Year Plan" period, and the national consumption of renewable energy will reach more than 1.1 billion tons of standard coal in 2025. During the "15th Five - Year Plan" period, the production and lifestyle of giving priority to the use of renewable energy in various fields will be basically formed, and the national consumption of renewable energy will reach more than 1.5 billion tons of standard coal in 2030, strongly supporting the achievement of the carbon peak target in 2030.

II. Focus on Improving the Safe and Reliable Substitution Capacity of Renewable Energy

(I) Comprehensively improve the supply capacity of renewable energy

Accelerate the construction of large - scale wind - power and photovoltaic bases focusing on desert, gobi and desert areas, and promote the clustered development of offshore wind power. Scientifically and orderly promote the construction of large - scale hydropower bases, and comprehensively promote the integrated development of water, wind and solar energy. Develop distributed renewable energy nearby. Steadily develop biomass power generation and promote the large - scale development of solar thermal power generation. Accelerate the improvement of the assessment, power prediction and intelligent control capabilities of renewable energy resources. Promote the application of new technologies such as grid - forming new energy and long - time - scale power prediction. Develop green fuels such as biogas, biodiesel and bio - jet fuel according to local conditions, and actively and orderly develop hydrogen production from renewable energy. Promote the rational and efficient utilization of geothermal resources, and promote the large - scale utilization of wave energy, tidal current energy and temperature difference energy. Promote the establishment of a heating system in which renewable energy and traditional energy are coordinated and complementary.

(II) Accelerate the construction of supporting infrastructure for renewable energy

Promote the iteration of advanced technologies such as flexible DC transmission and AC - DC hybrid distribution network, and accelerate the construction of digital and intelligent power grids. Strengthen the connection between the development plans of renewable energy and electricity, and promote the coordinated development of the grid and power sources. Upgrade the main grid framework of the power grid, strengthen the construction of cross - provincial and cross - regional power transmission channels, optimize dispatching control, and give priority to dispatching renewable energy power. Continuously optimize the distribution network framework structure, accelerate the integration of primary and secondary distribution networks and intelligent upgrading, optimize the distribution network dispatching mechanism, improve the flexibility and bearing capacity of the distribution network, and support the rapid development of distributed renewable energy. Strengthen the construction and upgrading of infrastructure such as heat, gas and hydrogen supply networks, strengthen the interconnection of networks, and nearby accept more non - electric renewable energy.

(III) Deeply tap the regulatory potential of demand - side resources

Actively expand the scope of demand - response subjects and accelerate the construction of a demand - response resource pool. Encourage demand - response subjects with charging and discharging capabilities to participate in the electricity market. Support areas with conditions to guide electricity users to adjust their electricity consumption behavior by implementing peak - time electricity prices and widening the price - limit range of the spot market. Strengthen the demand - side management of electricity in key areas such as industry, construction and transportation, optimize processes and production flows, and participate in the regulation of the power system in the form of interruptible loads and controllable loads.

(IV) Diversely improve the regulation capacity of the power system

Strengthen the flexibility transformation of coal - fired power units, promote self - owned power plants to actively participate in peak regulation, optimize the dispatching mode of coal - fired power, and reasonably determine the dispatching sequence and peak - regulation depth. Study and promote the optimization and upgrading of large - scale hydropower stations and orderly build pumped - storage power stations. Strengthen the research, development and multi - scenario application of new energy storage technologies. Promote the application of solar thermal energy such as long - term heat - storage power generation, thermoelectric coupling and medium - high - temperature heat utilization. Encourage biomass power generation projects to provide peak - regulation and other auxiliary services.

III. Accelerate the Substitution and Application of Renewable Energy in Key Areas

(V) Co - promote the green and low - carbon transformation of industrial energy consumption

Scientifically guide the orderly transfer of industries to areas rich in renewable energy and with bearable resources and environment, and strengthen the coupled development of industries such as steel, non - ferrous metals, petrochemicals, building materials, textiles and papermaking with renewable energy. Increase the proportion of short - process steelmaking, and promote the application of technologies such as electric boilers, electric kilns and electric heating in key industries such as metallurgy, casting, building materials, daily glass, non - ferrous metals and chemicals. Carry out new energy source - network - load - storage integrated projects in the surrounding areas of industrial parks and large - scale production enterprises, and promote the construction and application of industrial green micro - grids, direct green power supply and the substitution of coal - fired self - owned power plants. Accelerate the promotion of the application of medium - low - temperature heat from renewable energy in fields such as papermaking, printing and dyeing, and food processing. Encourage the large - scale substitution of high - carbon hydrogen with low - carbon hydrogen in fields such as ammonia synthesis, methanol synthesis, petrochemicals and steel, and explore the construction of integrated bases for wind - solar - hydrogen - ammonia - methanol. On the premise of ensuring residents' winter heating, promote the shutdown and integration of coal - fired boilers within the heating scope of cogeneration units, promote the coupling biomass combustion technology transformation according to local conditions, and encourage the development of large - capacity coal - fired boilers with green ammonia combustion. Accelerate the integrated development of oil and gas exploration and development with renewable energy and create low - carbon and zero - carbon oil and gas fields.

(VI) Accelerate the integration and interaction between transportation and renewable energy

Build renewable energy transportation corridors. Encourage the construction of integrated stations with functions of photovoltaic, energy storage, charging and discharging in expressway rest areas, railway stations, bus stations, airports and ports with conditions. Accelerate the development of electric passenger vehicles, steadily promote the electrification substitution of buses, and explore the promotion and application of new energy medium - and heavy - duty trucks. Actively explore the development of electrified roads and increase the intensity of railway electrification transformation. Promote ships to use shore power when berthing, and encourage the pilot application of green electric intelligent ships. Promote the application of sustainable aviation fuels and carry out the pilot operation of electric vertical take - off and landing aircraft.Support areas with conditions to carry out the pilot operation of biodiesel, bio - jet fuel, biogas, green hydrogen - ammonia - methanol, etc. in the fields of ships and aviation.

(VII) Deepen the integrated application of renewable energy in buildings

Give priority to the use of renewable energy in the planning, construction, renewal and transformation of cities and towns. Promote newly - built urban buildings to fully implement green building standards, and continuously improve the substitution requirements for renewable energy electricity, heat and gas. Promote ultra - low - energy - consumption and near - zero - energy - consumption buildings, develop near - zero - carbon buildings, and promote the application of building flexible electricity - use technologies. Promote the installation of photovoltaic systems on the roofs of existing buildings, and promote the installation of photovoltaic systems on newly - built factories and public buildings with conditions as much as possible. Promote the full electrification of newly - built public buildings, promote the substitution of coal - fired and gas - fired products with electric heat pump water heaters, high - efficiency electromagnetic stoves, etc., and promote the application of high - efficiency DC electrical appliances and equipment. Actively promote the application of solar thermal energy in areas with relatively rich solar resources and buildings with stable hot - water demand. Promote the heating and cooling applications of geothermal energy, air - source heat pumps and centralized biomass energy according to local conditions, and in remote areas, household biomass - formed fuel stoves can be used for heating according to the principle of local materials.

(VIII) Comprehensively support the clean and modernization of energy use in agriculture and rural areas

Actively develop decentralized wind power and distributed photovoltaic power generation in rural areas with conditions. Promote the coordinated treatment of agricultural and forestry waste, livestock and poultry manure, etc. with rural organic waste, etc., and rationally layout biomass power generation, centralized biomass clean heating and biogas projects. Accelerate the transformation and upgrading of rural energy infrastructure and explore the construction of micro - energy networks (micro - grids). Promote the entry of biogas into the pipeline network in areas with conditions, promote town - level centralized heating according to local conditions, give priority to the use of geothermal energy, solar energy, etc. for heating, and gradually reduce and even ban the scattered burning of coal. Promote the electrification transformation and upgrading of rural production and living, build rural energy stations, and improve the rural energy public service capacity. Combine the construction of digital villages to improve the intelligent energy - use level of villages, include rural energy facility construction in the rural construction project library, and high - quality build rural energy revolution pilots.

(IX) Coordinate the development and utilization of new infrastructure and renewable energy

Strengthen the construction of charging infrastructure, gas stations and hydrogen - refueling stations, and improve the urban and rural charging network system. Optimize the spatial layout of new infrastructure, and promote the integrated development of 5G base stations, data centers, supercomputing centers, etc. with photovoltaic, heat pumps, energy storage, etc. Promote the deep integration and development of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, blockchain, etc. with renewable energy. Support new infrastructure to develop green power direct supply and source - network - load - storage integrated projects, carry out green certificate and green power trading and the construction of "green power parks", and increase the proportion of new energy power consumption in strategic projects such as "East - to - West Computing". Support the construction of big data centers in areas with cold - water resources at national hub nodes.Promote the annual steady increase in the proportion of renewable energy use in newly - built data centers.

IV. Actively Promote Innovation Pilots for Renewable Energy Substitution

(X) Accelerate pilot applications

Carry out pilot applications such as deep - sea floating offshore wind power and bio - gas projects with an annual output of tens of millions of cubic meters, and promote the deep joint operation of solar thermal energy with wind power and photovoltaic power. Carry out green direct - power - supply pilots in factories and parks, and promote the pilot projects of renewable energy comprehensive utilization engineering with grid - forming, isolated - grid operation and self - owned nature. According to local resource conditions, promote the coupling biomass combustion technology transformation of large - scale coal - fired power boilers, such as co - firing agricultural and forestry waste. Encourage and guide the renewal and upgrading of renewable energy equipment and the recycling of waste equipment and facilities. Promote the application of low - carbon and zero - carbon production processes and industrial process re - engineering technologies in fields such as steel, non - ferrous metals, petrochemicals and building materials. Carry out the promotion and application of hydrogen metallurgy and hydrogen - based chemical technologies. Promote the integrated innovation of the photovoltaic - energy - storage - terminal - communication industry, and explore the implementation of photovoltaic - energy - storage - charging - discharging integrated pilots. Support parks, enterprises, large - scale public buildings, etc. to carry out high - proportion new energy power generation, supply and use pilots, and greatly increase the proportion of new energy power consumption. In national and provincial - level economic development zones with a foundation, create green energy pilot parks where 100% of the new energy consumption is supplied by renewable energy in a market - oriented manner.

(XI) Promote the innovation of integrated business forms

Promote the cross - industry integration of industry, transportation, construction, agriculture, forestry, etc. with renewable energy, promote the deep - level three - dimensional development of photovoltaic desert control, photovoltaic corridors and marine pastures, etc., and form an innovative substitution development situation of deep integration and continuous substitution. Support the development and growth of new business entities such as digital energy, virtual power plants and rural energy cooperatives, and cultivate new business forms that are suitable for the clean, efficient and safe substitution of energy. Encourage the business model innovation that can promote the multi - variety, multi - field and multi - form substitution of renewable energy, vigorously develop the comprehensive energy service that can support the efficient supply - demand coordination, and accelerate the implementation of new business models such as vehicle - to - grid interaction and electricity - carbon asset management.

V. Strengthen the Guarantee Measures for Renewable Energy Substitution

(XII) Improve laws, regulations and standards

Establish and improve laws and regulations that support the priority use of renewable energy. In combination with the formulation and revision of the Energy Law, Renewable Energy Law, Electric Power Law, Energy Conservation Law, etc., clarify the relevant rights, obligations and legal responsibilities of various subjects in the development and utilization of renewable energy. Accelerate the improvement of the relevant standard system in the field of renewable energy. In combination with the formulation and revision of standards in key areas, incorporate the substitution and utilization of renewable energy into the green and low - carbon development standard specification system of various fields. Strengthen the implementation of standards and specifications and promote the evaluation of implementation effects.

(XIII) Improve the green energy consumption mechanism

Fully implement the requirement that non - fossil energy is not included in the total energy consumption and intensity control, use green certificates as the basic voucher for the accounting of renewable energy electricity consumption, and strengthen the effective connection between green certificates and energy - saving and carbon - reduction policies. Improve the renewable energy electricity consumption responsibility weight mechanism, implement the consumption responsibility to key energy - using units, and strengthen the rigid constraint on the use of green electricity by high - energy - consuming enterprises. Accelerate the establishment of a green electricity consumption certification mechanism based on green certificates. Promote the connection between green certificates and green electricity and the national carbon market. Incorporate the green electricity consumption requirements into the green product evaluation standards, expand the green product certification catalog, study and formulate relevant policies for government procurement to support green products, and promote products mainly produced with green electricity to enjoy green finance and other policies.

(XIV) Implement scientific and technological, financial and fiscal support policies

Make good use of the relevant policies for the promotion and application of the first (set) of major technical equipment and the key special projects of the National Key Research and Development Program to support the research, development and pilot application of key technologies for renewable energy substitution. Establish and improve the green financial mechanism to support the investment in the substitution and utilization of renewable energy and the construction and upgrading of infrastructure by various subjects in various fields. Encourage the innovation of credit products and services and provide long - term and stable financing support in accordance with the principles of marketization and the rule of law.

(XV) Improve the market mechanism and price mechanism

Deepen the market - oriented reform of the on - grid electricity price of new energy, establish and improve the electricity medium - and long - term, spot and auxiliary service market trading mechanisms that are suitable for the characteristics of renewable energy, and support renewable energy power generation projects to carry out direct transactions with various users and sign multi - year power purchase and sales agreements with users. Promote renewable energy power generation or comprehensive utilization systems with the ability to provide auxiliary services to fairly participate in the auxiliary service market. Establish and improve the market mechanisms for renewable energy heating, biogas and clean low - carbon hydrogen. Establish and improve the energy storage price mechanism. For the electricity consumption of centralized charging and swapping facilities with two - part electricity prices, the demand (capacity) electricity fee will be exempted within the specified period. Steadily and orderly promote the participation of distributed new energy power generation in market - oriented transactions to promote the nearby consumption of distributed new energy. Strengthen the supervision of new energy in terms of fair access to the power grid, participation in the electricity market and consumption and utilization.

(XVI) Strengthen publicity and guidance. Mobilize the whole people to participate in renewable energy replacement actions, organize training and pilot activities on renewable energy applications in cities, villages, communities and parks, strongly support the sales and use of renewable energy products, and promote residents to practice and popularize green lifestyles.

All levels of development and reform, energy, industry and information technology, transportation, housing and urban-rural construction, agriculture and rural areas, science and technology, finance, natural resources, ecological environment, finance, data, railway, civil aviation and other departments shall strengthen coordination and cooperation in accordance with their functional divisions, strengthen overall coordination, supervision and guidance, and promote the implementation of this Opinion. All regions should fully understand the importance and urgency of renewable energy replacement actions, and effectively accelerate the promotion of renewable energy replacement in combination with the actual economic and social development of the region and the construction of a new power system.

National Development and Reform Commission

Ministry of Industry and Information Technology

Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development

Ministry of Transport

National Energy Administration

National Data Administration

October 18, 2024

Source: Chinese Government Website