National Development and Reform Commission, National Energy Administration
Notice on Matters Concerning the Orderly Promotion of the Development of Direct Green Power Connection
Fa Gai Neng Yuan 〔2025〕 No. 650

Development and Reform Commissions and Energy Bureaus of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps; Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Management; Tianjin Municipal Bureau of Industry and Information Technology; Liaoning Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology; Shanghai Municipal Commission of Economy and Informatization; Chongqing Municipal Commission of Economy and Informatization; Gansu Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology; all dispatched agencies of the National Energy Administration; State Grid Corporation of China; China Southern Power Grid Co., Ltd.; and relevant central enterprises:

To implement the spirit of the Third Plenary Session of the 20th Central Committee and the decisions and arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council on improving policies and measures for new energy consumption and regulation, explore and innovate the integrated development model of new energy production and consumption, promote the local and nearby consumption of new energy, and better meet the green energy needs of enterprises, this notice is formulated in accordance with the "Energy Law of the People's Republic of China" and other relevant laws and regulations.

I. General Requirements

(1) Scope of Application. Direct green power connection referred to in this document means a model in which new energy such as wind power, solar power, and biomass power is supplied to a single electricity user through a direct connection line without directly accessing the public power grid, enabling clear physical traceability of the supplied electricity. Among them, the direct connection line refers to a dedicated power line directly connecting the power source and the electricity user. It is divided into grid-connected and off-grid types according to whether the load is connected to the public power grid. Grid-connected projects are connected to the public power grid as a whole, forming a clear physical and responsibility interface with the public power grid, and the power source should be connected to the user side at the property boundary between the user and the public power grid. For direct-connected power sources that are distributed photovoltaic, the "Measures for the Development and Construction Management of Distributed Photovoltaic Power Generation" and other policies shall apply. The specific measures for direct green power supply to multiple users through direct connection lines shall be separately stipulated by the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration.

(2) Development Goals. Direct green power connection projects aim to meet the green energy needs of enterprises and improve the level of local and nearby consumption of new energy. They shall be constructed and operated in accordance with the principles of safety first, green friendliness, equality of rights and obligations, and matching of power sources and loads, and fairly and reasonably assume safety, economic, and social responsibilities.

II. Strengthening Planning Guidance

(3) Standardizing Project Construction. New loads can be matched with new energy projects. Existing loads can carry out direct green power connection on the premise that the existing coal-fired and gas-fired self-owned power plants have fully paid the renewable energy development fund, and realize clean energy replacement by reducing the output of self-owned power plants. Export-oriented enterprises with rigid carbon reduction needs can explore direct green power connection for existing loads by utilizing surrounding new energy resources. Support new energy projects that have not yet carried out grid connection project construction or cannot be connected to the grid due to restrictions on new energy consumption, etc., to carry out direct green power connection after completing the corresponding modification procedures.

(4) Strengthening Planning Coordination. Provincial energy authorities shall strengthen the overall planning of direct green power connection projects to ensure the orderly development of the direct green power connection model. The scale of wind and solar power in the project shall be included in the new energy power development and construction plan formulated by the provincial energy authorities. The scale of electricity load shall be based on evidence and support. Direct connection lines and access systems shall be included in provincial or urban energy, power, and territorial spatial plans according to voltage levels, and shall be filed in accordance with the "Measures for the Administration of Approval and Filing of Enterprise Investment Projects" and other regulations. Direct connection lines shall minimize line crossings; if crossing is necessary, safety measures shall be taken. The project shall formulate an integrated plan including the power source, load, direct connection line, and access system, with a special chapter evaluating system risks, electricity safety, power quality, etc., and propose specific technical measures. The access voltage level of the project shall not exceed 220 (330) kV; if it is necessary to access 220 (330) kV, the provincial energy authority, together with the dispatched agency of the National Energy Administration, shall organize power grid enterprises, project units, etc., to carry out a special assessment of power system safety risks to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid. The project shall be constructed uniformly in accordance with the integrated plan and put into operation simultaneously.

(5) Encouraging Model Innovation. In principle, the load shall be the main responsible entity for direct green power connection projects. Various business entities (excluding power grid enterprises), including private enterprises, can invest in direct green power connection projects. The project's power source can be invested by the load, by the power generation enterprise, or by a joint venture established by both parties. In principle, the direct connection line shall be invested by the load and the power source entity. If the project's power source and load are not the same investor, a multi-year power purchase agreement or energy management contract shall be signed, and an agreement shall be signed on matters such as power facility construction, property rights division, operation and maintenance, dispatching operation, settlement relations, and liability for breach of contract. New energy power generation projects in the project are exempt from the power business license, unless otherwise specified.

(6) Ensuring Matching of Power Sources and Loads. Grid-connected projects shall scientifically determine the type and installed capacity of new energy power sources in accordance with the principle of "determining the source based on the load". In areas where the spot market operates continuously, the model of mainly self-generating and self-consuming with surplus power connected to the grid can be adopted; in areas where the spot market does not operate continuously, reverse power transmission to the public grid is not allowed. The proportion of annual self-generated and self-consumed electricity of new energy in the overall project to the total available power generation shall not be less than 60%, and the proportion to the total electricity consumption shall not be less than 30%, and the proportion of self-generation and self-consumption shall be continuously increased to not less than 35% by 2030. The upper limit of the proportion of on-grid electricity to the total available power generation shall be determined by the provincial energy authorities based on actual conditions, generally not exceeding 20%. All localities can reasonably set new energy utilization rate targets based on information such as the proportion of self-generated and self-consumed electricity, on-grid electricity, matching of power sources and loads, and regulation capacity in the project construction plan.

III. Strengthening Operation Management

(7) Strengthening Safety Management. Direct green power connection projects shall strictly implement various safety production management measures to ensure safe and stable operation. The project shall promptly carry out risk control and hidden danger investigation and management, conduct in-depth assessments and timely eliminate internal equipment failures and various safety risks, and continuously enhance reliability.

(8) Ensuring Grid Connection. The project shall be equipped with secondary systems such as relay protection, safety and stability control devices, and communication equipment in accordance with standards. The grid-related performance of internal facilities shall meet relevant standards to avoid affecting the safe and stable operation of the power grid due to its own reasons. The project shall promptly organize completion acceptance and submit the completion acceptance report to the provincial energy authority and the dispatched agency of the National Energy Administration. Power grid enterprises shall provide fair and non-discriminatory grid connection services to projects that meet the grid connection conditions.

(9) Strengthening Dispatching and Operation Management. Direct green power connection projects shall realize the coordinated optimization of internal resources. Grid-connected projects as a whole and their internal power sources shall be managed by the corresponding dispatching agency according to the access voltage level and capacity scale, and be connected to the new power load management system or power dispatching automation system according to the type of services provided to the system. Except for emergencies affecting the safe and stable operation of the public system, the dispatching agency shall issue dispatching plans in accordance with the power generation and consumption curves independently arranged by the project. Internal resources of the project shall be observable, measurable, adjustable, and controllable, and relevant data shall be provided to the power dispatching agency in accordance with the "Grid Operation Guidelines" and other regulations. Various business systems of the project shall strictly implement the "Regulations on the Security Protection of Power Monitoring Systems", install network security facilities such as network security monitoring and isolation devices, file with relevant dispatching agencies as required, and accept technical supervision by the dispatching agencies.

(10) Clarifying Responsibility Boundaries. Grid-connected direct green power connection projects and the public power grid shall form a clear and definite safety responsibility boundary at the property boundary, and each shall perform the corresponding power safety risk control responsibilities within the safety responsibility boundary. The project shall comprehensively consider factors such as internal power source and load characteristics, balancing capacity, economic benefits, and power exchange with the public power grid, independently and reasonably declare the grid connection capacity, and negotiate with the power grid enterprise to determine the power supply responsibilities and costs beyond the grid connection capacity. Power grid enterprises shall perform their power supply responsibilities in accordance with the declared capacity of the project and relevant agreements. The project shall adjust internal power generation and load to ensure that the power exchange between the project and the public power grid does not exceed the declared capacity, and shall independently bear the relevant responsibilities for power supply interruptions caused by its own reasons.

(11) Encouraging Improvement of System Friendliness. Grid-connected direct green power connection projects shall fully enhance the flexible regulation capacity of the project by reasonably configuring energy storage, tapping the potential of flexible load regulation, etc., to minimize the system regulation pressure. The project planning plan shall reasonably determine the maximum load peak-valley difference rate of the project, and the power peak-valley difference rate of power exchange between the project and the public power grid shall not be higher than the planned value in the plan. During periods when new energy consumption is difficult, the project shall not reverse power transmission to the public power grid. The project shall manage reactive power and power quality in accordance with relevant management requirements and technical standards.

IV. Trading and Pricing Mechanisms

(12) Participating in the Market as a Whole. Grid-connected direct green power connection projects enjoy equal market status, shall be registered in accordance with the "Basic Rules for Power Market Registration", and in principle shall participate in power market transactions as a whole, arrange production according to market transaction results, and settle accounts according to the power exchange with the public power grid. The project load shall not be represented by power grid enterprises for power purchase. If the project's power source and load are not the same investor, they can also be registered separately and participate in power market transactions in an aggregated form.

(13) Reasonably Paying Relevant Fees. Direct green power connection projects shall pay transmission and distribution fees, system operation fees, policy cross-subsidies, government funds and surcharges, etc., in accordance with the relevant regulations of the national price and financial authorities. No locality shall reduce or exempt relevant fees in violation of national regulations.

(14) Standardizing Metering and Settlement. Grid-connected direct green power connection projects shall take the project access point as the reference point for metering and settlement, and settle electricity fees with the public power grid as a whole. The project shall have the conditions for separate metering, and install bidirectional metering devices that meet relevant standards and are recognized by relevant departments at the internal power generation, plant power consumption, self-generation and self-consumption, energy storage, and other points. It is prohibited to use electricity by bypassing the installed electricity metering devices. If the project's power source and load are not the same investor, the transaction electricity between the two parties and the on-grid electricity shall be implemented in accordance with the relevant regulations on green certificates and green power trading.

V. Strengthening Organizational Guarantee

The National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration shall strengthen guidance on the direct green power connection model, timely evaluate the effectiveness, ensure the steady progress of the work, and strengthen research on direct connection of other green power sources. All dispatched agencies of the National Energy Administration shall strengthen supervision, timely track and monitor project construction and policy implementation in their jurisdictions, and actively promote all parties to carry out project construction and operation in accordance with requirements. Provincial energy authorities shall, based on the actual situation of the province's power supply and demand, consumption conditions, etc., further refine specific requirements such as the distance for local and nearby consumption, the proportion of on-grid electricity, and the exit mechanism, guide projects to scientifically and reasonably assess needs, and avoid large deviations between actual operation and the design plan, underperformance of new energy consumption, etc.; organize and sort out local direct green power connection project needs, actively promote them to private enterprises, and support private capital to participate in investment and construction; do a good job in project management and operation monitoring, organize qualified third-party institutions to conduct plan reviews, fully listen to the opinions of power grid enterprises, dispatched agencies of the National Energy Administration, etc., and promote the orderly development of the direct green power connection model. Power grid enterprises and power market operating institutions shall implement the requirements of this notice, and continuously improve their technical support capabilities and service levels for project grid connection and participation in power market transactions.


National Development and Reform Commission
National Energy Administration
May 21, 2025